Steam-hammer



m Bu 6 h S .P u e e h S 2 N Am G R a H M m Ba 6 Tm a d o M 0 W No.231,185. Patented Aug. 17,1880.

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II TVENTOR W W WITNESSES ATTORNE'IY N-PEIERS, PNDYO-LITNDGRAFHER.WASHINGTON. D C

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. T. R. MORGAN.

1 Steam Hammer. No. 231,185. Patented Aug. 17,1880.

mm mm m NJPETERS, PHOTO-UTQDGRAPNER.WASHINGTON D c UNITED STATES PATENT()FFICE.

THOMAS R. MORGAN, OF ALLIANCE, OHIO.

STEAM-HAMMER.

SPECIFICATION: forming part of Letters Patent No. 231,185, dated August17, 1880.

Application filed July 3, 1880. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS E. MORGAN,

of Alliance, in the county of Stark and State of Ohio, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Hammers; and I do herebydeclare thefollowing to be a full, clear, and exact description of theinvention, such as will enable others. skilled in the art to which itpertains to make and use it, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, which form part of this specification.

My invention relates to an improvement in steam-hammers.

Heretofore steam-hammers have been constructed to be operatedautomatically, the valve-gearing being shifted by the up-anddown strokeof the hammer, and also to be operated in a positive manner to strikedead blows by manipulating a hand-lever. Hammers of such construction,though differing in the relative arrangement of parts and in details ofconstruction, have been found objectionable in practical use, for thereason that when it is desired to operate the hammerbyahand-levergreatcare and'skillarerequired on the part of the operatorin adjusting the hand-lever to counteract the movement imparted to thevalve-gearing by the mechanism connecting the same with the hammer. Infact, it is practically impossible to regulate the blows of the hammerby the hand-lever with any degree of certainty when the valvegearing isat the same time operated automatically by its connection with thehammer, because the automatic connections will cause the valve to shiftand take steam, and thus destroy the effect secured by dead blows.

The object of my invention is to obviate these objections anddiificulties and provide a steam-hammer of such construction that thevalve may be operated automatically through gearing connecting with thehammer, and the gearing so constructed and arranged that when I it isdesired to cause the hammer to strike hand-lever necessitated in otherkinds of steam-hammers now in use.

To these ends my invention consists in the several details inconstructions and combinations of parts, as will be hereinafterdescribed and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of asteam-hammer embodying my improvement, the valve-gearing being adjustedto be operated automatically by the hammer. Fig. 2 is a similar view,showing the valve-gearing adjusted to be operated by hand. Fig. 3 is anenlarged view, in elevation, of a portion of the valve-gearing.

A A represent the two standards of the frame of a steam-hammer. B is asteamcylinder bolted to the upper ends of standards A A. (l isapiston-rod, and D a hammer or ram attached to the lower end of thepistonrod. These parts, together with the slidevalve, may be of ordinaryor of any preferred construction, as my improvement is applicable to anyconstruction of steam-hammers.

The hammer D is provided with a diagonal slot or rib, E, by means ofwhich motion is imparted to the valvegearing, as will be hereinafterdescribed.

F is a throttle-valve lever, secured at one end to a rock-shaft, a, andits opposite end provided with a slot, through which passes theadjustable guard-rod b, the lever being adjustably secured to said rodby means of a set-bolt or spring-catch engaging in the teeth of a rackformed on the outer edge of rod 1). To the opposite end of rock-shaft ais secured an arm, 0, having the lower end of a connecting-rod, a,connected therewith, the upper end being attached to the stem orcrank-arm of a throttle-valve. Thus the amount of steam supplied to theslide-valve chamber may be regulated by varying the position oradjustment of the throttle-lever F.

Gr is a slide-valve adjusting-lever, the same being fulcrumed at e, theouter end thereof having a slot formed therein, through which passes theadjustable guard-rod H, the lever G being adj ustably secured to saidradius-rod by means of a set-bolt or spring-catch engaging in teethformed on the outer edge of said guard-rod.

To the short end h of lever G is pivoted the rocker-arm 1. Above thepivotal bearing '1 of the rocker-arm the latter is provided with a link,K, in which is formed an arc-shaped or radius slot, K, struck from thepivotal point of the upper end of the connecting-rod M, and within whichslot is placed a sliding block, L, to which is connected the lower endof connecting-rod M, the upper end of which is attached to a rock-shaft,N, through which the slide-valve is operated, by means of the arm m andvalve-stem a.

To the lower end of the arm h of the rockerarm is secured a stud, o, tothe end of which is pivoted a sliding block, 0, which titsin thediagonal slot in the face of the hammer, and as the latter is movedthrough its upand-down stroke a lateral or transverse movement isimparted to the arm h, and a vertical movement to the outer end of theare or radius slotted arm.

Pdesignatesa hand-lever pivoted at p. The lower end of lever I isprovided with a slot, through which passes the adjustable guardrod, Q,thereby enabling the lever to be secured in any desired adjustment bymeans of a spring-catch pivoted to the handle and arranged to engage inteeth or notches in the guard-rod.

Lever P is of bell-crank form, and to its upper end is pivoted a link,R, the opposite end of which is pivoted to the connecting-rod M. Thepurpose of lever I is to impart lateral adjustment to the sliding blockconnected with the lower end of connecting-rod M, and thus quickly varythe length of stroke of the slide valve.

Having described the construction and arrangement of parts of myimprovement, I will now describe the operation.

When it is desired to operate the hammer in an automatic manner andsecure the most effective blows of the hammer, the sliding block L ismoved to the central portion of the radius-slot K. The lever G is thenadjusted to regulate the extent of movement ofthe hammer. Byoperatingthe throttle-lever steam will then be admitted to the lower end of thesteamcylinder raising the hammer, and as the latter reaches the limit oftravel in its upstroke, the diagonal slot and slide-block therein willhave shifted the slide-valve to such an extent as to open theexhaust-port connecting with the lower end of the steam-cylinder andallow the steam to freely escape from below the piston, and at the sametime admit live steam above the piston to force the same and hammerthrough its downstrokc to impart an effective blow on the work. \Vhenthe hammer reaches the limit of its downstroke the valve is againshifted, the steam allowed to escape from above the piston and enterbelow the piston and raise the hammer. Hence, when the hammer is workedautomatically, blows of regular and various degrees of intensity may beproduced.

As heretofore stated, the slide-block connected with the lower end ofthe connectingrod M is placed in the center of the link K when it isdesired to secure the most effective strokes of the hammer. That portionof the slot in the link which extends beyond the point of adjustmentjustdescribed serves the following highlynseful function It is veryessential that a steam-hammer shall be capable of performing verydiversified kinds of work, and it is often the case that it is necessaryto impart very short and rapidly-succeedin g blows to the work in hand.To enable this to be done it is not only necessary to reciprocate thehammer very quickly through a small portion of its full stroke, but itis also necessary to quickly move the valve through its full stroke,because the "alve must always travel a certain fixed distance toopen andclose the steam-ports. Hence it is that the speed of the valve must beincreased when it is desired to impart short quick strokes to thehammer. To accomplish this result link K is made of suflicient length toallow the slide-block on the lower end of the connecting-rod M to bemoved outward from the center of the slot K, which results in increasingthe length of the arm between the pivotal bearing 2' and the lower endof the connecting-rod. By imparting a short stroke to the hammer a longquick stroke is given the slide-valve by reason of the attachment of theconnecting-rod M to the outer end of the link K. Hence it is that I amenabled to adjust the gearing for any desired length of stroke to begiven the hammer.

Now, it is oftentimes desired to produce dead blows of greaterintensity, irregular in action, and also single successive blows ofvarious intensities for blooming and forging purposes. In such cases itbecomes necessary to operate the hammer through the hand-adjustinglever, and thus adjusting the position of the slidevalve and holding itopen at will until the hammer has struck the blow, and also hold thehammer raised until the operator is ready for the blow to be imparted tothe work. To effect such an operation of the hammer the slide block L ismoved to the opposite end of the radius-slot, or immediately over thepivotal bearing of the rocker-arm, and in this position the lower end ofthe connecting-rod M will be moved transversely only, and cannot bemoved vertically by the rockerarm and connections with the hammer.Therefore the latter will have no efl'ect on the valve-gearing, and theslide-valve may be accurately and positively adjusted by means of thehand-lever.

While I have described my preferred construction, I do not limit myselfto the exact construction and arrangement of parts shown and described.

Instead of producing the rocker-arm with an arc-shaped or radius slotand a sliding block, the rocker-arm mayhave a series of holes formed onan arc and the lower end of the connecting-rod adapted to be pivoted inany of said holes to efi'ect the desired result.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-- 1. In asteam-hammer, the combination,with thehammer or ram and-a rocker-arm connected with the hammer so asto be actuated thereby, of a rod connecting at its upper end withdevices for operating the valve, and means for securing the lower end ofthe connecting-rod at variable distances from the pivotal bearing of therocker-arm, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, with the hammer or ram and a rocker-arm connectedwith the hammer so as to be actuated thereby, of a hand adjusting-leverto which the rocker-arm is pivoted, said rocker-arm provided with aradiusslot struck from the center of the pivotal bearing of the valveconnecting-rod, and a slideblock located in said radius-slot and havingthe lower end of the connecting-rod pivoted thereto, substantially asset forth.

3. In a steam-hammer, the combination, with the hammer or ram providedwith a diagonal slot or rib and a rocker-arm having a slide pivotedthereto which engages said slot or rib, said rocker-arm having a linkconnected therewith, of a hand-lever to one end of which is pivoted saidrocker-arm, and a valve connecting-rod, the lower end of which isprovided with a slide-block which engages in the link and is adapted tobe laterally adjusted thereon, substantially as set forth.

4. In a steam hammer, the combination, with the hammer or ram providedwith a diagonal slot or rib and a rocker-arm having a link connectedtherewith, of a valve connecting-rod constructed to have its lower endadjustably secured to said link, and a hand-lever for imparting lateraladjustment to the lower end of the connecting-rod, substantially o asset forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing l have hereunto set my hand this25th day of June, 1880.

THOS. R. MORGAN. Witnesses:

J AS. H. LANGE, A. W. BRIGHT.

